Combined latch and lock



(ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. E. BUDD & F. SIOKELS COMBINED LATCH AND LOOK.-

No. 372,963. Patented l I 0v.

l7 LIEU/Urs- (ModeL) 2-Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. E. BUDD & F. SIGKELS.

GOMBINED'LATGH AND L'OGK.

N0.-372,963. ted Nov 8, 1887.

m PETERS. mmum n mr. wpshingtnn. n .c.

UNITED STATES PATENT EETcE.

WILLIAM E. BUDD, OF CHATHAM, JERSEY, AND FRANK SICKELS, OF

' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

COMBINED LATCH AND LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming partbf Letters Patent No. 372,963, dated November 8, 1887.

' Application tiled October 3, 1887. Serial No. 251,275. (ModeL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM E. BUDD, o Ghatham, in the county of Morris and State of New J ersey,and FRANK SIcKELs,of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State oflllinois,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Latch and Look; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

Our invention relates to an improvement in a combined latch and lock; and it consists in the arrangement'and. combination of parts, which will be more fully described hereinafter.

The objects of our invention are to provide a combined latch and lock in which the combined latch and bolt can be both operated and locked by the same key; to connect to the spindle-post an arm or lever, which is connected at its outer end to the casting which 0perates thelatch and bolt, whereby light springs can be used to returnthe knobsand latch and bolt readily to position; to provide an endwisemoving spindle which can be made to engage with or be disengaged from the outside knob, as may be desired; to make-the opening in the knob to receive the end of the spindle tapering, so that the knobs may be placed out of line with each other and still continue to operate; to provide a combination which is made entirely separate and detachable from the lockcase, and in which locking devices are used for the purpose of engaging with the key, and thus preventing the key from being withdrawn until the door has been either locked or unlocked and assist in preventing the use of a false key; to connect the locks to the escntcheon-plate by means of screw-threads, and to limit the movements of one of the knobs by grooving the threaded part and causing it to operate in connection with a stop; to so form the combinationplates that a doubleedged key can be used, and thus enable the key to be inserted with either edge up or down; to so construct the working parts of the lock that the same locking-lever which looks the knobs and the latch and bolt rigidly in position will force the latch and bolt outward, if it has not automatically returned to place, by the action of the springs; and to produce a lock which tional view of one of theknobs shown in connection with the spindle-lock. Fig. 4 is a perspective of one of the knobs, showing how its movement is limited. Fig. 5 is a perspective of the mechanism for moving the knob-spindle endwise. Fig. 6 is an edge view, partly in section, showing the lock and all of its parts in their proper position. Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 are detached views of the different portions of the combinations. Figs. 14 and 15 are end views of the combination-box, showing the pins which operate in connection with the key. Figs. 16 and 17 are vertical sections taken at right angles to each other through the.

combination-box. Figs. 18 and 19 are vertical sections of the locking-post used in connection with the locking-levers, showing the parts in different positions. Fig. 20 is a detached view of the endwise-moving spindle and the knobs. Fig. 21 is a perspective of the combination complete.

A represents the casing or frame of a lock, which is to be mortised, and toone edge of which the face-plate B is secured. This faceplate, as shown in Fig. 3, has a beveled edge, and is made reversible, so that it can be adapted for right and left doors. The combined latch and bolt 0 has formed upon its rear edge the two hooked arms D, which engage with the rotating plate E, which is pivoted between the face-plates of the frame A. This rotating plate E also has two prongs or projections, F, which engage with the hooked arms D, for the purpose of drawing the latch and bolt backward when the knobs are turned. This rotating plate E fits between the hooked arms D of the latch and bolt 0, as shown, and when the knob is turned one of its prongs F strikes against one of the upper hooked arms D and forces the combined latch and bolt backward, as shown in Fig. 2. This rotating plate forms a rolling bearing for the points of the hooked arms D, and thus not only lessens the friction of the moving parts, but at the same time serves to prevent the combined latch and bolt getting out of line while moving back and forth. By the use of this rotating plate, which moves the combined latch and bolt backward and forms a bearing at the same time, there is no need for a special bearing at the rear end of the latch and bolt to keep it in line, as has heretofore been the case.

Projecting from both the upper and lower edges of the combined latch and boltC are the shoulders G, against which one of the plates H, inside of the springs I, bears, for the purpose of returning the latch and bolt to position as soon as it is left free to move by the rotating plate E. Inside of the springs I are placed two plates H, which have their inner ends to pass each other, and to which plates the ends of the springs are fastened in any suitable manner. The ends of these plates II project beyond the ends of the springs and form bearing-points, as shown. The two front plates H have their outer ends to bear against the shoulders G, while one of the rear plates H has its rear end to bear against the locking-lever J, and the rear end ofthe other plate bears against the lock case or frame A. By using the plates H inside of the springs I the springs are held in a straight line at alltimes, and hence exert their full tension in forcing the combined latch and bolt outward. Vere it not for these plates the springs would double or bend, and by getting out of line lose their proper positions. The lower spring, I, is placed at-a slight angle, as shown, so as to overcome the weight of the bolt, which would have a tendency to bear against the face-plate at its lower point.

The spindlepost K has projecting from one side an arm or lever, L, and the outer end of this lever is connected to the rotating plate E by means of a connecting rod or plate, M.

, When one of the knobs is turned, the lever L,

through the connection M, is made to turn the plate E upon its pivot, so as to'draw the latch and bolt backward, as shown in Fig. 2. By means of the construction here shown the spindle-post K is placed in the extreme back portion of the lock case or frame A, thus making it possible to make a Very narrow lock and yet retain the knobs at the regular distance from the edge of the door. If one of the knobs is turned toward the left, the lever L is forced backward and the plate E is drawn around upon its pivot; but if the knob is turned toward the right the lever L is forced forward toward the edge of the door and the upper edge of the rotating-plate is pressed forward, causing the lower portion F to engage with the lower hooked arm D and draw the latch and bolt backward, thus enabling the door to be opened, whether the knob is turned either one way or the other. The spindle N, as shown in Fig. 20, has one of its ends made round and reduced in size, as shown at O, and secured to this spindle N is a flange or collar, 1?, with which the lever Q, engages for the purpose of moving the spindle endwise, as shown in Figs. 6 and 20. This spindle N passes freely through the lock, and when its square portion engages with the square opening made in the inner end of the outside knob It the spindle causes both of the knobs to turn at the same time; but when the spindle is moved endwise by the lever Q, as shown in Fig. 6, so that its square portion becomes disengaged from the outer knob and only the round portion 0 extends into it, then the outer knob can be freely turned without affecting the spindle in any manner. The spindle is given this endwise movement for the purpose of throwing the outer knob out of action, and thus preventing the door from being opened from the outer side, even if the door should be left unlocked. The lever Q, as shown in Fig. 5, is pivoted between the two screw-sockets S, made on the inner side of one of the eseutcheon-plates, and has its lower end so shaped as to catch over the edge of the cam T on the lever U.

Secured to the escutchen-plate is the spring V, which has an arm, W, to catch under the inner edge of the lever Q, while its lower end catches against the lever U and forces it upward toward the escutcheon-plate, to cause it to engage with the notches made in the latter for this purpose. The lever Q is'made springactuated, so that if the lever U should be operated when the square portion of the spindle N is not in line with the square opening in the outside-knobR as soon as the knob R is turned, and this square opening is brought into line with the square portion of the spindle, the spring-arm \V will instantly operate the lever Q, and thus .force the spindle endwise, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6, and thus connect the outer knob to the spindle. The inner knob always engages with the spindle, so that it will always operate the lock.

As shown in Fig. 3, the opening into each of the knobs R is made tapering, so that if the knobs should get slightly out of line with each other they will accommodate themselves to the position of the spindle, and thus operate as freely as though they were in line. \Vhere the opening into the knob is not made tapering, as is here shown, if the knobs get out of line with each other through any bad workmanship or from any other cause, they bind and rub in such a manner as to prevent their returning to place. Each of the knobs is provided with a screw thread upon its shanks, which threads engage with corresponding threads on the escutcheon-plates. The inner knob can be unscrewed from its escutcheon-plate X whenever it is disengaged from the spindle; but the outer knob, which is to be disengaged at times from the spindle, is

provided with a groove, Y, as shown in Fig.

4, in which a stop, Z, which is secured to the esoutcheon-plate, is made to catch for the purpose of limiting the distance that the knob shall be turned. This outer knob can only be unscrewed from the escutcheon-plate when the stop Z is removed.

The box or frame A, in which the combination is placed,is made entirely separate and distinct from the lock, and is secured to the inner side of the escutcheon-plate, as shown in Fig. 6. As shown in Figs. 16 and 17,in the inner sides of this box A are made the recesses B in opposite sides, and into which recesses the ends of the tumblers O, which form thecombination, will sink either when thekey is wholly withdrawn, as shown upon one side of the lock in Fig.6,or when a false keyis inserted which does not fit all of the tumblers. In the outer end of this box A, as shown in Figslet and 15,are made the cam-shaped recesses D,which serve to operate the pins which engage with the key. Placed in this box is the key-post E, which has an open slot cut through forthe greater portion of its length, as shown in Fig.

'21, and in which slot the tumblers O are down into the recesses; but at no other'time' can the tu mblers move endwise. When akey is'inserted,the lower ends of these tumblers O are raised out of the recesses B, as shown in the upper left-hand corner of Fig. 6, and then the post and the tumblers O can be revolved freely within the box by the turning of the ke i I a case a false key is inserted into the keypost and any one of the tumblers U is raised too high or not high enough, the end of this plate will catch in one of the recesses B,and thus prevent the post from being revolved. There may be any desired number of the tumblers 0, each of which must occupy a certain position upon the key. As here shown, the key is made double-edged, so that either edge can be inserted uppermost into the lock, and thus avoid the necessity of having to firstlook at the key or feel of its edge to find whether it is in the proper position for insertion.-

\Vhen the key is inserted, all of the tumblers must fit solidly upon it, so that they will turn as if they formed one solid piece. Each of the tumblers being in direct contact with the other, the friction of one tumbler upon the other serves to give to each tumbler separately the efiect of the combined weight of them all, and thus all necessity for the use of springs for causing the tumblers to move is done away with and the lock is simplified and cheapened accordingly. To the inner end of this post E is attached the plate F, (shown in Figs. 7, 8. and 21,) and which is connected to the post E by means of the pins G, which catch in corresponding sockets made in the end of the post. This plate F has the greater portion of its edge cut away, so as to form the two shoulders H H for striking against a projection, 1 upon the post J, which is placed in the inner end of the box A, and which has its inner end made angular, as shown in Fig. 21, for the purpose of projecting through the side of the lock case or frame and into the revolving casting K, placed in the frame for the purpose of operating the locking-lever J. The length of the angular portion of the inner end of the post J depends entirely upon the thickness of the door to which the lock is to be applied. This angular portion need only be long enough to engage with the casting K sufficiently to cause the casting to revolve. In Fig. 6 each of these angular portions is shown asjextending nearly half-way through the casting K; but this .is longer than is absolutely necessary. If the door is quite thick, then these angular parts will be made long enough to engage with the castings K; but if the door is made thin they will 'be shortened accordingly. The plate F, which is provided with a pin, G, to engage with the end of the post E, has the key-opening made through it, and has an independent movement of the post J, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. When the key is inserted and the post E and the plate F are turned so that the shoulder H, which is shown in contact with the projection Iupon the post J in Fig. 7, will be moved around until the shoulder H is made to strike against the projection I, as shown in Fig. 8. During the movement of the key-post E and the plate F while moving from one shoulder to the other the post J is not affected; but as soon as one of the shoulders H is brought against the projection I and the movement of the key is continued the post J is made to revolve, and the revolving casting K is then turned either to operate the locking-leverJ or to operate the combined latch and bolt without the necessity of operating the knob.

In order to prevent the key from being withdrawn from the look before the door has been wholly unlocked or locked, the two pins L (shown in Figs. 14 and 15) are passed through from opposite sides of the key-post E, and which pins, when forced inwardly, meet across the key-hole, as shown in Fig. 15. When the post E is turned into position shown in Fig. 14, and the key is inserted into the key-hole, the wedge-shaped end of the key forces these two pins outward in the recesses D, and then the key can be freely inserted. As soon as the key-post I is turned in either direction the heads of the pins L strike against the curved sides of the recesses D, and these curved sides force the pins inwardly, as shown in Fig. 15, and the inner ends of each of the pins L pass half-way through the key for the purpose of holding the key in the lock. These pins L can only be forced outward again after the post E has been turned half-way around, or, while moving from one recess D to the other, the inner sides of the box A look the pins L rigidly in position. These pins L also serve projection It.

to aid in preventing the use of a false key, for as soon as an attempt is made to turn the post E the pins L are pressed inwardly to meet each other, and if there is no opening or re cess M in the key to receive the points of the pins the post cannot be turned.

In Figs. 7, S, and '21 the plate F is shown attached to the post. both by means of the pins G and a tumbler, N, which has a flange, 0, formed upon its upper end, to catch in a corresponding recess, 1", in the edge of the plate F. This tumbler N forms the inner one of the tumblers. Either this flange O and recess I? may be used, or the pins G may be used alone, just as may be preferred.

In case amaster-key is desired for unlocking a number of locks of this construction, a suitable recess, Q, will be made through each of the tumblers C, and this recess Q will match openings in the key-hole, and the master-key, by catching in the recesses Q, will successively operate each one of the tumblers G as though it were operated by the key furnished with the lock.

The casting K, placed in the upper lefthand corner of the lock, is made just thick enough to be flush with the outer edge of both of the faceplates of the lock, and is provided with an angular socket to receive the angular portion of the post J. This casting K, being journaled or pivoted in the two sides of the lock, revolves freely when turned by the post J, which is operated by the key.

The casting K has an opening or recess, S, made in one side, so as to receive the flange T, formed upon the rear edge of the lever J. \Vhen the lever J is forced backward into the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 1, by means of the spring I, the flange T catches in the recess S, and the lever J does not then affect in any manner the movement of the combined latch and bolt C. When, however, the casting K is turned from the position shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 19, the solid portion of the casting K strikes against the edge ofthe flange T on the lever J, and forces the lever outward, so that its end catches against the rear corner of the combined latch and bolt 0, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 and in solid lines in Fig.

18, in which case the latch and bolt is locked rigidly in position and can have no movement whatever. \Vhen the casting K is turned into the position shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 19, the spring I forces the lever backward, out of the way of the combination latch and bolt, and then this lever does not interfere with the movement of the latch and bolt in any manner. Formed upon this casting K is aprojection, It, which engages with the bent operatingrod U, which is placed in the upper end of the lock -frame. One end of this bent rod U catches over one of the shoulders or projections G, formed upon the combined latch and bolt 0, and the other end catches behind the When the casting K is turned to the left, the bent rod Uis made to draw the combined latch and. bolt backward, and thus operate it as if it had been operated by the turning of the knob. After a person has inserted his key and has turned it far enough to move the lever J out of contact with the combined latch and bolt G, he has but to continue the movement of his key to cause the casting K to operate the latch and bolt, and thus save all the necessity of having to use the other hand to turn the knob. This construction is especially useful to those who have one hand occupied in holding some object.

In case two persons are occupying the same room, and one of them comes in before the other and wishes to both lock the door and at the same time leave it so that it can be unlocked by the other person, who also has a key, the first person inserts his key from the inner side of the door and turns it snfiiciently far around to cause the casting K, through the post J, to operate thelocking lever J. After the casting K has been turned around until the projection l strikes against the back of the lock-frame A, as shown in Fig. liu dotted lines, thus leaving thelocking-leverin the position shown in Fig. 18, he turns the key backward, moving the key-post E and the plate F upon his side of the door, so that the shoulder II or H which was hearing against the projection 1 upon the post J is moved around until the other shoulder on the plate F is made to bear against the projection 1, thus leaving the post J free to turn with the casting K when the key is inserted from the oppose side of the door.

By so forming the plate F that the post E containing the tumblers O can be turned backward the post J is left free to be operated by the casting K; but if this construction were not used, then after the door had been locked from one side it could not be unlocked by the insertion of a key from the opposite side. The same effect may be produced by leaving the key in the lock upon theinner side of the door, which renders the combina-' tion inoperative upon that sidc,leaving the post J free to be turned with the casting K. By means of this construction all necessity for a lock containing two bolts, or for two locks for each door, is entirely done away with. \Vhere this lock is placed upon the door between two communicating offices, either person can lock the latch and bolt 0 in such a manner that it cannot be operated from the opposite side, for the reason that the casting K cannot be turned while the tumblers on the other side of the door are in the position shown in Fig. 17. In case it is mutually desired to operate the lock upon both sides of the door, so that either one can operate the look, after the key has been turned so as to move the casting K into the position shown in Fig. 18, the person has but to give the key a one-half backward turn, when the casting K is free to be operated as above-dcscribed; but in case both of the parties turn their keys until one of the shoulders upon the plate Fstops against the projection I, then neither party can open the door.

In case the plate F is not used,.the plate X shown in Fig. 13, and having a notch, Y, in one edge, will be substituted for it. This notch Y engages with the projection I on the post J, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 21. This plate X, like the one F, has akey-hole through 1t, so as to allow the inner end of the key to pass through, and said plate serves as a connectlon between the key-post E and the post J, like the one F, so as to cause them to revolve together. When the plate X is used, the tumbler N, provided with the flange 0, will not be used, and a tumbler'O will be substituted for it.

Having thus described our invention, we claim 1. In a lock, the combination of the latch and bolt provided with rearwardly-extending arms, the partially-rotating plate which moves "the latch and bolt, the lever connected to the spindle-post, a connecting rod for uniting the plate and lever, and the springs, substantially as shown.

2. The combination of the latch and bolt provided with shoulders, the two springs I, and the plates H, placed inside of the springs, the lower spring being placed at an angle to the latch and bolt to balance the weight of its forward end, substantially as shown.

3. In a lock, the combination of the latch and bolt provided with a shoulder upon its upper edge, springs to return the latch and bolt to place after having been moved, a rod which engages with the latch and bolt, and the rotating casting with which the key engages and which engages with the inner end of the rod, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the rotating casting, which is turned by the movement of the key, a locking-lever operated by the casting, the latch and bolt, and springs for returning the latch and bolt to position after having been moved, substantially as specified.

5. In a lock, an endwise-moving spindle which is made smallest at one end, the knobs provided with sockets to receive the ends of the spindle, and a lever for moving the spindle endwise through the look, so as to connect with and be disconnected from one of the knobs, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the knobs provided with sockets to receive the ends of the endwise-moving spindle, the spindle provided with a flange, the lever for engaging with the flange, a lever provided with a cam, and the spring, substantially as specified.

7. The combination of a knob having a socket to receive the end of the spindle, and a screw threaded shank which is provided with a groove, Y, with the stop Z, secured to the escutcheon-plate, and the spindle having a reduced end, substantially as specified.

8. The combination of the box A, having recesses B, the key-post E, the tumblers O, the post J, which turns with the key-post E, the casting K, and thelever J, for locking the latch and bolt, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of the box A, key-post, tumblers, post'J, casting K, rod U, and the latch and bolt, substantially as specified.

10. The combination of the box A, the keypost E, tumblers, post J, provided with the projection I, casting K, and a plate which is interposed between the ends of the key-post and the post J, and which plate has a key-hole WILLIAM E. BUDD. FRANK SIOKELS.

Witnesses to Budd:

A. S. PATTISON, EDM. P. ELLIs. Witnesses to Sickels:

A. LANSING HURDLE, E. J. 000mm. 

